How to Get AMRs Right

Ten tips for achieving autonomous transport and flow.

SELECTION CRITERIA

Rising labor costs are impacting warehouses. Autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) can be a meaningful addition to your distribution, fulfillment or manufacturing operations. If you’re evaluating AMRs for moving, picking, replenishing or sorting tasks, here’s a guide to get you started. Look for…

1. FLEX-ABILITY

Some AMRs can’t adapt to changing environments, processes or other circumstances. Once installed, it’s very complicated to change processes, layouts and vehicle behaviors.

  • Look for AMRs that can be quickly and easily reconfigured by operators.
Graphic highlighting the factors driving increased warehouse automation adoption, including ongoing labor shortages, the need for more integrated warehouse environments, and the introduction of better and more affordable automation solutions, as reported by Supply and Demand Chain Executive.

2. SIMULATE-ABILITY

When changing applications and processes, some AMRs take a trial and error approach. Deploy it…and see what happens. Then, “rinse and repeat” until you get it right. This is an inherently inefficient way to test and validate performance impacts. Ask the vendor if you can simulate changes in a virtual environment before deploying in the real environment.

  • Look for fleet control that includes digital twin simulation.
Photograph showing an AMR testing or evaluation scenario, illustrating the importance of simulate‑ability in autonomous mobile robot deployments, where virtual modeling and digital testing help organizations validate performance, avoid trial‑and‑error approaches, and optimize changes before rollout in a real warehouse environment.

3. AFFORD-ABILITY

Some AMRs require large closed spaces, complex transport networks, customized pallets or integration by a third party. This all adds to overall cost. Others are designed for specific applications such as zone picking, tote retrieving and transporting parts to production lines.

  • Look for easy-to-deploy AMRs that can navigate narrow aisles and accommodate different applications.
Graphic presenting survey data showing that more than half of respondents, specifically 57 percent, report labor shortages have hindered their ability to meet demand, based on findings from the 2022 State of Retail and Ecommerce Fulfillment Report.

4. PERFORM-ABILITY

Some AMRs have prohibitive weight restrictions. Others can only handle one tote at a time at one height. Some are primarily plastic, have limited functionality, are difficult to use and prone to downtime.

  • Look for high payload, multi-tote handling, adjustable height, consistent performance and mostly steel components.

5. SCALE-ABILITY

Some AMRs can only support a limited number of vehicles. Others only offer one type of vehicle. Ask how big the fleet can get and if the vendor provides container, pallet and forklift AMRs. See if the vendor offers rental or leasing options for peaks.

  • Look for the ability to easily scale fleet size.
Graphic illustrating how AMRs are revolutionizing warehouse workflows and helping organizations stay competitive in a rapidly evolving logistics landscape, featuring insights from Next Move Strategy Consulting on the growing impact of autonomous mobile robots across modern operations.

6. EVADE-ABILITY

Some AMRs drive on virtual lines. If human workers get in their way, they simply stop. This hinders productivity. Make sure to ask if the system is 100% safe for human workers and has smooth evasive maneuvering.

  • Look for AMRs with an advanced vision system and dynamic vehicle movement.
Photograph of an autonomous mobile robot emphasizing evade‑ability, showing how AMRs that rely on virtual lines may stop when encountering human workers and highlighting the need for advanced, fully safe systems capable of smooth evasive maneuvering to maintain productivity in mixed‑traffic warehouse environments.

7. NAVIGATE-ABILITY

Some AMRs are based on old track-guided technology. Others can’t handle complex traffic rules without a lot of effort and additional cost. When evaluating AMRs, ask for on-site tests with multiple vehicles in narrow surroundings.

  • Look for a high degree of integrated intelligence and dynamic navigation.
Graphic explaining how AI‑enabled AMRs can learn from their environment and optimize performance over time, highlighting adaptive navigation, smarter decision‑making, and continuous improvement capabilities referenced by Acumen.

8. INTEGRATE-ABILITY

Some AMRs have their own non-standardized interfaces, which require custom integration. Others are very difficult to integrate into an already automated warehouse and can only operate as a standalone system. Some can’t change paths and flow on-demand.

  • Look for AMRs that can be integrated into your WMS or WCS.
Photograph of an autonomous mobile robot illustrating integrate‑ability, emphasizing how some AMRs rely on non‑standard interfaces that require custom integration, struggle to connect with existing automated warehouse systems, and lack the flexibility to change paths or material flows on demand.

9. MAINTAIN-ABILITY

Some AMRs have very expensive spare parts, long delivery times for those parts and bad service. Others require an entire area to be shut down to remove defective vehicles.

  • Look for easy access to service levels and the ability to continue operations during maintenance.
Graphic showing market projections indicating rapid growth in the automated guided vehicle (AGV) and autonomous mobile robot (AMR) market, highlighting that AMRs are expected to hold the larger share as adoption accelerates across modern warehouse and manufacturing environments.

10. PARTNER-ABILITY

Some vendors are only interested in selling a vehicle. They don’t care about the use case. Others have limited availability and references. When evaluating AMRs, don’t just pick a product. Pick a partner that can help you build logistics value over time. Make sure they have the kind of intralogistics know-how that can help you mitigate labor shortages by minimizing manual touches. Discuss implementation and expertise in your industry. Make sure they have an extensive customer service network and you’ll have a single point of contact.

  • Look for a partner who wins when you win.
Photograph highlighting the concept of partner‑ability in AMR adoption, emphasizing the importance of choosing a vendor with deep intralogistics expertise, strong industry experience, reliable customer service, and the ability to support long‑term value creation rather than simply selling a vehicle.

KNAPP offers a wide variety of AMRs that can be tailored to meet your automation needs. Our AMRs are designed for warehouse automation and can flexibly adapt to provide greater operational efficiency.

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